The annual Computex trade show in Taipei comes as Taiwan's President Tsai Ing-wen seeks to boost the island's economy with her "Asian Silicon Valley" project, nurturing startups and attracting investments from major international companies.
The full-size robot impressed visitors by taking a pawn piece in a mocked-up chess game.
Inventors say they envisage the machine having a range of uses, from working on assembly lines to care-giving.
"It can recognise the shape of a small chess pawn, notify its brain, execute AI movements and interact with its opponent," said division director Lewis Liu of the Industrial Technology Research Institute of Taiwan, which built the robot.
Enabled by an intelligent vision system, the robot can also detect how much is left in your coffee cup to determine if it needs to be refilled.
Taiwan has already introduced a troop of mini-robots going by the name of "Pepper" into workplaces.
They were launched at two banks and an insurance company in Taipei last year, dancing to music, playing with children in lobbies and leading staff aerobics sessions.
US electric car company Tesla also emphasised the importance of artificial intelligence as it exhibited its Model S and X vehicles at the fair for the first time.
The US automaker entered the Taiwan market last September.
"We are on our way to become fully driverless," said Hans Li, marketing and communications manager for Tesla in Taiwan.
Checking out the car models was Taiwan's Vice President Chen Chien-jen, who said the government had set up an AI lab with the private sector last month and described the field as a "key focus for our nation's development".
After a hyped year over virtual reality in 2016, it was still pervasive with companies developing new ways to use the technology aside from entertainment and gaming.
Hong Kong firm Zotac displayed its VR backpack that lets the user move around without fear of tripping over connecting wires while playing a video game.
But Jacky Huang, Zotac's product director, said many clients used it for non-entertainment purposes, including combat training and post-trauma treatment for soldiers.
Taiwan's personal computer maker Acer showed off its VR headset StarVR -- developed jointly with Swedish firm Starbreeze -- which is being rolled out in IMAX theatres.
Acer CEO Jason Chen said the firm hoped to jump from VR to AI in future.
